My dog ate chewing gum: why xylitol is an emergency

Sugar-free chewing gum may contain xylitol. Even small amounts of this sweetener can be life-threatening to dogs. Every minute counts.

Xylitol is also known as birch sugar. It is found not only in chewing gum but also in sugar-free sweets, dental care products, baked goods, supplements and some nut spreads. In dogs, xylitol can trigger a large release of insulin. This causes blood sugar to drop rapidly. Larger amounts can also severely damage the liver.

A product's xylitol content is not always immediately clear. The size of individual pieces of gum also varies. Calculations at home are therefore not a safe basis for waiting.

Symptoms may begin quickly, but can sometimes be delayed. Typical signs include:

Signs of liver damage may develop later. A dog must therefore not be considered safe simply because it still seems normal immediately after eating the product.

Call a veterinary practice or clinic straight away. State explicitly that xylitol may have been ingested. Bring the packaging and report your dog's weight, the number of pieces, product name and time. Set off immediately as instructed.

Do not try to induce vomiting at home. Xylitol can cause blood sugar to fall very quickly. Taking measures yourself wastes time and may create additional risks. Activated charcoal does not bind xylitol reliably either and should not be given without veterinary instructions.

If the gum definitely contains no xylitol, poisoning is less likely. However, several pieces together with paper or foil can irritate the digestive tract or become a foreign body in small dogs. Calling your vet is still sensible, particularly with vomiting, abdominal pain, refusal to eat or failure to pass stools.

Store gum and sugar-free products in closed cupboards. Handbags, jackets and school bags are not safe places if your dog can reach them. Check the ingredients in peanut butter, baking mixes and dental products. Xylitol, birch sugar and the German term Xylit refer to the same sweetener.

Dogs do not need human sweets. Clearly portioned treats that fit their daily energy allowance are a better choice. If several people feed your dog, a fixed daily treat container can help. Once it is empty, there are no extras.

Note: xylitol ingestion is a veterinary emergency even if your dog has no symptoms yet.